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The Act of Creation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Act of Creation is a 1964 book by Arthur Koestler . It is a study of the processes of discovery , invention , imagination and creativity in humor , science , and the arts. It lays out Koestler’s attempt to develop an elaborate general theory of human creativity.
From describing and comparing many different examples of invention and discovery, Koestler concludes that they all share a common pattern which he terms “bisociation” – a blending of elements drawn from of two previously unrelated matrices of thought into a new matrix of meaning by way of a process involving comparison , abstraction and categorization , analogies and metaphors . He regards many different mental phenomena based on comparison (such as analogies, metaphors, parables , allegories , jokes , identification, role-playing, acting , personification , anthropomorphism etc.), as special cases of “bisociation”.
Koestler proposes a global theory of creative activity encompassing humor, scientific inquiry, and art. Koestler’s fundamental idea is that any creative act is a bisociation (not mere association ) of two (or more) apparently incompatible frames of thought. [2] Employing a spatial metaphor, Koestler calls such frames of thought matrices : “any ability, habit, or skill, any pattern of ordered behaviour governed by a ‘code’ of fixed rules.” [3] Koestler argues that the diverse forms of human creativity all correspond to variations of his model of bisociation.
In jokes and humor , the audience is led to expect a certain outcome compatible with a particular matrix (e.g. the narrative storyline); a punch line, however, replaces the original matrix with an alternative to comic effect. The structure of a joke, then, is essentially that of bait-and-switch. In scientific inquiry , the two matrices are fused into a new larger synthesis. [4] The recognition that two previously disconnected matrices are compatible generates the experience of eureka . Finally, in the arts and in ritual , the two matrices are held in juxtaposition to one another. Observing art is a process of experiencing this juxtaposition, with both matrices sustained.
According to Koestler, many bisociative creative breakthroughs occur after a period of intense conscious effort directed at the creative goal or problem, in a period of relaxation when rational thought is abandoned, like during dreams and trances. [5] Koestler affirms that all creatures have the capacity for creative activity, frequently suppressed by the automatic routines of thought and behavior that dominate their lives.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Creative activity could be described as a type of learning process where teacher and pupil are located in the same individual.
Prometheus is reaching out for the stars with an empty grin on his face.
The definition of the individual was: a multitude of one million divided by one million.
The more original a discovery, the more obvious it seems afterwards.
The prerequisite of originality is the art of forgetting, at the proper moment, what we know.
The principle mark of genius is not perfection but originality, the opening of new frontiers.
The progress of science is strewn, like an ancient desert trail, with the bleached skeleton of discarded theories which once seemed to possess eternal life.
True creativity often starts where language ends.
[su_quote style=”modern-light”]”Lethem’s essay is an example of patchwriting, a way of weaving together various shards of other people’s words into a tonally cohesive whole.” from “Uncreative Writing: Managing Language in the Digital Age” by Kenneth Goldsmith[/su_quote]
[su_quote style=”modern-light”]”The literary critic Marjorie Perloff has recently begun using the term unoriginal genius to describe this tendency emerging in literature.” from “Uncreative Writing: Managing Language in the Digital Age” by Kenneth Goldsmith[/su_quote]
[su_quote style=”modern-light”]”In 1969 the conceptual artist Douglas Huebler wrote, “The world is full of objects, more or less interesting; I do not wish to add any more.” 1 I’ve come to embrace Huebler’s ideas, though it might be retooled as “The world is full of texts, more or less interesting; I do not wish to add any more.””[/su_quote] from “Uncreative Writing: Managing Language in the Digital Age” by Kenneth Goldsmith
[su_quote style=”modern-light”]”i had always had mixed feelings about being considered a poet if robert lowell is a poet i dont want to be a poet if robert frost was a poet i dont want to be a poet if socrates was a poet ill consider it —DAVID ANTIN” from “Uncreative Writing: Managing[/su_quote]
Two years ago, Kenneth Goldsmith, the University of Pennsylvania poet and conceptual artist, taught a creative writing course he called “Wasting Time on the Internet.” Students would do just that, probing the tedium of the internet. But thanks to in-class use of social media, the class also became a creative ferment of improvised dance, trust experiments and inquiries into the modern nature of the self and the crowd.
[su_quote style=”modern-light”]NYTimes The Chinese Written Character as a Medium for Poetry [/su_quote]


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